Routing Protocols: Support for dynamic routing protocols such as OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), BGP (Border Gateway Protocol), RIP (Routing Information Protocol), and others, enabling efficient routing and network optimization.

VLAN Routing: Capabilities to route traffic between VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks), facilitating segmentation and isolation of network traffic for improved security and performance.

IPv4/IPv6 Support: Full support for both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols, ensuring compatibility with modern networking requirements and future-proofing network infrastructure.

Quality of Service (QoS): Mechanisms for prioritizing network traffic based on application or service requirements, ensuring optimal performance for critical applications.

Security Features: Enhanced security features such as Access Control Lists (ACLs), port security, DHCP snooping, IP Source Guard, and others to protect against unauthorized access, mitigate network threats, and ensure data integrity.

High Availability: Redundancy features like Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) and link aggregation (LACP) to provide failover capabilities and maintain network uptime.

Management and Monitoring: Comprehensive management interfaces (CLI, Web GUI) for configuration and monitoring, SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) support for network management integration, and logging for troubleshooting and auditing purposes.

Scalability: Scalable designs to support varying network sizes and growth requirements, with stacking capabilities for simplified management of multiple switches as a single entity.

Performance: High-performance switching fabric with low latency and high throughput, suitable for demanding applications and bandwidth-intensive environments.